【环球时报综合报道】近年来，日本人口减少造成的劳动力短缺，导致日本企业陆续推迟或取消退休年龄。    (ECNS) -- Bao Li, a giant panda living at Smithsonian's National Zoo in Washington, D.C., the United States, celebrated his fifth birthday on Tuesday. This marks his second birthday in the United States.    The male panda arrived at the Washington zoo with female panda Qing Bao on Oct. 15, 2024. Qing Bao is set to celebrate her fifth birthday on Sept. 12.        To mark the occasion, zoo staff prepared a special birthday feast for Bao Li, including an ice pop made from pineapple juice, along with a display of his favorite treats such as carrots, sweet potatoes and blueberries. Keepers also presented him with his favorite toy, a marine fender, as a birthday gift.    Panda keeper Mariel Lally said both Bao Li and Qing Bao are in good health.    Qing Bao is currently experiencing a pseudopregnancy, a normal physiological condition for female pandas of her age. As a result, she has been sleeping more than usual and has gained a little weight.    (By Gong Weiwei)                            。

B | 据日本《读卖新闻》近日报道，丰田计划从今年8月开始在全岗位返聘65岁以上员工，旨在通过退休员工再就业以补充汽车电动化等领域所缺的工作人员。

当地时间2024年5月8日，日本东京，丰田汽车公司总部。（视觉中国）

按丰田公司正在施行的规定，退休年龄为60岁，但对于希望继续工作的员工，可以将聘用期延长至65岁。

C | 据报道，目前丰田已将返聘年龄上限从65岁上调至70岁，同时将调整返聘员工的薪酬制度。现行制度下该企业对于部长级以下的返聘员工，只支付原来工资的一半，今年10月后将根据员工的能力来确定工资。《读卖新闻》分析称：“在集团子公司接连出现认证腐败和质量问题的情况下，丰田意欲通过扩大老员工就业来培养新人。”

除丰田外，近年来还有很多日本企业实施类似举措。例如世界最大的拉链制造商YKK早在2021年就取消了退休年龄制度，汽车企业松田也在分阶段将退休年龄延长到65岁。（严格）